vocabulary
terms you should know
Volcano - a weak spot in the earth's crust when molten material comes to the surface
Magma - a molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle of the earth
Lava - when magma reaches the surface of the earth, it is called lava
Hot Spot - an area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming magma
Viscosity - the resistance of a liquid to flowing (the more viscous a liquid is, the slower it flows - for example, honey is very viscous, so it flows very slowly)
Silica - the major ingredient in magma and the most abundant material in the earth's crust, made of particles of oxygen and silicon
Pahoehoe - fast-moving, hot lava that has low viscosity
Aa - slow-mivng, cooler lava that has high viscosity
Magma Chamber - a large, underground pool of molten rock underneath the surface of the earth
Pipe - a tube underneath and inside a volcano that magma goes through during an eruption to reach the earth's surface
Vent - the opening at the top of a volcano where the lava exits during an eruption
Lava Flow - the area covered by lava as it pours out of a vent
Crater - a bowl-shaped [SOMETHING] that may form at the top of a volcano around the central vent
Pyroclastic Flow - a mixture of hot gases, ashes, and cinders that hurls out during an explosive eruption
Caldera - a large crater formed by a volcanic explosion or the collapse of a volcano
Magma - a molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle of the earth
Lava - when magma reaches the surface of the earth, it is called lava
Hot Spot - an area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming magma
Viscosity - the resistance of a liquid to flowing (the more viscous a liquid is, the slower it flows - for example, honey is very viscous, so it flows very slowly)
Silica - the major ingredient in magma and the most abundant material in the earth's crust, made of particles of oxygen and silicon
Pahoehoe - fast-moving, hot lava that has low viscosity
Aa - slow-mivng, cooler lava that has high viscosity
Magma Chamber - a large, underground pool of molten rock underneath the surface of the earth
Pipe - a tube underneath and inside a volcano that magma goes through during an eruption to reach the earth's surface
Vent - the opening at the top of a volcano where the lava exits during an eruption
Lava Flow - the area covered by lava as it pours out of a vent
Crater - a bowl-shaped [SOMETHING] that may form at the top of a volcano around the central vent
Pyroclastic Flow - a mixture of hot gases, ashes, and cinders that hurls out during an explosive eruption
Caldera - a large crater formed by a volcanic explosion or the collapse of a volcano